Countless women invest significant thought into their contraceptive choices, whether it’s remembering to take the pill, ensuring they have condoms available, or correctly utilizing a diaphragm. If you’re contemplating a change in your birth control strategy—be it for yourself or a teenager in your life—there’s a wide array of options more accessible now than ever. Among these, long-acting reversible contraceptives, commonly known as LARCs, stand out for their efficacy and longevity.
Despite their benefits, only a fraction of women in the U.S.—12% to be exact—currently use LARCs. Previously subjected to stigma, these methods are now recognized as safe for women at any stage of life, from the onset of menstruation to menopause.
So, what exactly are LARCs, and what should be considered if you or your teenager are contemplating this birth control method? We’ve compiled answers to five frequently asked questions about LARCs to aid in making an educated decision about the contraceptive that best fits your needs.
Understanding LARCs and Their Functionality
LARCs offer a long-term birth control solution by interrupting key stages of the reproductive process:
- Ovulation: The release of an egg from the ovary.
- Fertilization: The encounter of sperm with the egg.
- Implantation: The attachment of a fertilized egg to the lining of the uterus.
The main types of LARCs include:
Intrauterine Devices (IUDs): These small, T-shaped devices are inserted into the uterus and come in hormonal (e.g., Mirena, Skyla) and non-hormonal (ParaGard) varieties. Hormonal IUDs release progestin to prevent sperm from reaching the egg and fertilized eggs from implanting in the uterine wall, while copper IUDs use copper to inhibit sperm mobility and egg implantation without affecting ovulation.
Implants: A small rod placed under the skin of the upper arm releases progestin, preventing ovulation and thickening cervical mucus to block sperm. Implants can prevent pregnancy for up to five years.
Contraceptive Injections: Administered every three months, these injections deliver progestin to halt ovulation and prevent sperm movement through the uterus.
The Advantages of Choosing LARCs
LARCs surpass other contraceptive methods in effectiveness, with a failure rate of less than 1%. They are convenient, requiring no daily action from the user, and can last between 3 to 12 years depending on the type. LARCs can also alleviate symptoms associated with menstrual disorders and serve as highly effective emergency contraception if placed shortly after unprotected intercourse. Additionally, they are reversible, allowing for a quick return to fertility upon removal.
LARCs and STD Protection
It is important to note that LARCs do not offer protection against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). For STD prevention, male condoms are the most effective method. Even though LARCs may reduce the perceived need for condoms, using both provides dual protection during sexual activity.
LARCs for Teenagers
LARCs are deemed safe for teenagers and are recommended by healthcare professionals as a primary contraceptive option. They are particularly suitable for adolescents due to their high efficacy and minimal requirement for user intervention. However, like all individuals using LARCs, teenagers should be informed about the importance of condom use for STD protection.
Potential Risks and Considerations
While the risks associated with LARCs are minimal, it’s crucial to be aware of possible side effects such as cramping, spotting, or irregular periods initially following insertion. Situations requiring immediate medical attention include significant changes in IUD string length, displacement of the implant, symptoms of infection, or signs of a blood clot. LARCs may not be suitable for individuals with certain health conditions or those allergic to copper (in the case of ParaGard).
Concluding Thoughts on LARCs
With the stress of daily life, birth control should not be a constant concern. LARCs offer a reliable, forgettable method of contraception, allowing you to focus more on living your life. If you’re considering this option, a discussion with your OB-GYN can provide further insight and guidance on choosing the best birth control method for you.
